Electronic Communication Systems

Electronic Communication Systems

• Electronic communication systems are devices or sets of equipment used for the transmission and reception of data or information.

Types of Electronic Communication Systems

• Radio communication systems use radio waves to transmit information wirelessly.
• In a television broadcasting system, both audio and visual information is transmitted using combined radio and light waves.
• Telephone systems convert sound into electrical signals for transmission, then back into sound at the receiving end.
• Computer systems transfer digital data through networks using protocols like TCP/IP.

Components of Electronic Communication Systems

• Transmitters convert information into a signal suitable for propagation through a medium.
• Receivers convert the propagated signals back into the original information.
• Transmission medium is the physical path between the transmitter and receiver.
• Noise represents unwanted signals that distort the original signal and decrease the capacity of a communication system.

Communication Channels

• In an electronic communication system, a communication channel refers to the medium used to convey information.
• Communication channels can be physical, such as wires or cables, or wireless like radio waves.
• Some systems use multiple communications channels to increase data transfer rate, a process known as multiplexing.

Digital and Analogue Signals

• Information can be transmitted as analogue signals, where the information is encoded in continuous variations in the signal.
• Alternatively, information can be transmitted as digital signals, where the information is encoded in discrete, binary data.

Modulation

• Modulation involves varying some aspect of the carrier signal (amplitude, frequency, or phase) to encode the information signal.
• Amplitude Modulation (AM) and Frequency Modulation (FM) are common types of modulation used in radio broadcasting.
• Modulation enables signals to be transmitted over long distances and through different channels simultaneously.

Encoding and Decoding

• Encoding is the process of transforming information into a form suitable for transmission.
• The encoded information is then decoded at the receiving end to retrieve the original information.
• Encoding can involve translating information into binary data (digital encoding), or varying the properties of a signal (analogue encoding).

Internet and Networking

• The Internet is a global network of networks that allows computers worldwide to communicate.
• Ethernet is a standard that specifies how to establish and maintain a local network (LAN).
• Wi-Fi allows devices to connect wirelessly to a network and the internet.
• Internet Protocols (IP) govern the sending and receiving of data packets over the internet.
• Routers and network switches manage the flow of data on a network.