Types of Fibers and Fabrics

Natural Fibres

Cotton: Soft, strong and absorbent material widely used in clothing, beddings, and furnishings. Breathes well and can be easily washed.
Silk: Produced by the larvae of silkworms, it is fine, glossy and strong. Frequently used for luxury items like ties, scarves and lingerie.
Wool: A soft, warm material taken from sheep. Commonly utilised in winter clothing.
Linen: Made from the flax plant, it’s strong and cool to wear, but prone to creasing. Extremely absorbent and comfortable in hot weather.

Nylon: Strong, elastic, and lightweight material ideal for rainwear, underwear, and stockings. It is resistant to mildew, insects, and fungi.
Polyester: Durable, wrinkle-resistant, and non-absorbent. Used for a wide range of garments, including shirts, trousers, and coats.
Acrylic: Lightweight and warm with a feel close to wool. Commonly found in jumpers, hats, and gloves.
Elastane (Spandex): Highly elastic, often combined with other fibres for sportswear and fitted clothes.

Polycotton: A blend of cotton and polyester. It is versatile, resists wrinkles, and is more durable than pure cotton.
Viscose: An improved form of rayon, it combines comfort and luxury, used in dresses and active wear.
Lycra: Blend of polyester and elastane, often found in sportswear for its stretchiness.

Woven Fabrics: Formed by weaving two sets of yarns at right angles. Includes cotton, denim, tweed, velvet, and satin.
Knitted Fabrics: Produced by looping yarns together, allows for stretch and flexibility, includes jersey and fleece.
Non-woven Fabrics: Made by felting or bonding fibres together rather than weaving or knitting. Examples include felt and microfibre.
Technical Fabrics: Made for specific uses, often include special properties like being waterproof, flame retardant or bullet proof. Examples are spandex and kevlar.