Jazz

Origins and Basic Understanding of Jazz

• Originated in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States in the late 19th to early 20th century.
• Born out of a mix of African and European music traditions.
• A significant part of African American cultural expression.
• Known for its focus on improvisation and the significant freedom it offers musicians.

Key Characteristics of Jazz

• Emphasis on syncopation and the use of complex rhythms, often referred to as ‘swing’.
• Frequent use of a form of music called the ‘blues’ in jazz compositions.
• Utilizes the concept of ‘call and response’ in its musical communication.
• Use of complex chord sequences, often involving extended and altered chords.

Famous Jazz Composers and Performers

• Louis Armstrong: Known for his virtuosic skills and innovations in jazz music.
• Duke Ellington: Noted for his musical compositions and for leading one of the most prolific jazz bands.
• Miles Davis: Known for his role in developing several different styles of jazz, including bebop and cool jazz.
• Ella Fitzgerald: Noted for her scat singing and her pure, clear tone.

Different Styles of Jazz

• Bebop: A fast, complex, and often highly improvised style of jazz.
• Cool Jazz: A style of jazz that emerged in the 1950s. It is characterised by relaxed tempos and lighter tone.
• Jazz Fusion: A style of jazz that incorporated elements of rock and others genres.
• Smooth Jazz: A subdued, pop-influenced style of jazz.