Health and Well-being – iGCSE Physical Education CAIE Revision

Concept of Health and Well-being

Health refers to a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being instead of just the absence of illness or disease.
Well-being involves both the mind and the body and includes aspects such as happiness, confidence, self-esteem, and the ability to cope with stress.
Proper nutrition, hydration, rest and sleep are undeniable contributors to achieving optimal health.
Regular physical activity plays an essential role in preventing lifestyle diseases like obesity, heart disease, type 2 diabetes.
Both physical and mental health are influenced by various factors, including genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices, environment, and access to healthcare services.

Being healthy and enjoying well-being is vital enabler to engage with life fully, achieve potential and experience satisfaction.
A balanced diet, regular exercise, adequate sleep, and good mental health practices are all linked to increased life expectancy and improved quality of life.
Poor physical health can lead to increased vulnerability to mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety, and vice versa.
A high degree of well-being can boost learning, productivity, creativity, and overall performance.

A balanced diet includes consuming the appropriate amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals from a variety of foods.
Regular and varied physical activities, such as cardiovascular endurance exercises, strength training, and flexibility exercises, help maintain physical health.
Adequate hydration, particularly during physical activity, is essential for optimal body functioning.
Positive mental health practices include building resilience, managing stress, maintaining social connections, and seeking professional help when required.

Negative lifestyle factors such as poor diet, physical inactivity, smoking, and excessive alcohol intake can cause health issues such as obesity, heart diseases, diabetes and cancers.
Continual exposure to negative stress can lead to mental health disorders like depression, anxiety, and burnouts.
Chronic sleep deprivation is linked to both physical and mental health problems, including weakened immunity, mood disorders, impaired cognition, and increased risk of accidents.
Social isolation is detrimental to mental health and can cause feelings of loneliness, reduced self-esteem and increased risk of depression.

Regular exercise helps maintain a healthy weight, strengthens the heart and bones, enhances lung capacity and improves flexibility and balance.
Exercise can boost mental health by reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety, improving mood, and promoting better sleep.
Regular physical activity, including moderate-intensity aerobic exercises and muscle-strengthening activities, can drastically reduce the risk of chronic diseases.
Forming habits around physical activity early can lead to lifetime benefits, including improved skills such as discipline, commitment, and resilience.