Psychology: Characteristics of a Skilled Performance

Characteristics of a Skilled Performance

Skilled performance refers to the ability to perform a technique or task to a high standard through a combination of effort, precision and fluidity.
A skilled performance usually has the following characteristics: accuracy, control, efficiency, adaptability, and fluency.
Accuracy is the ability to reach a specific goal or target precisely. In physical activities, this might mean hitting a ball with a racket with precision or running to a specific location on a pitch.
Control indicates the ability to manage or regulate a movement or series of movements. It’s about coordinating the body to achieve the desired outcome.
Efficiency links to how much energy is used to perform a task. A skilled performer can achieve their goal with minimal wastage of energy.
Adaptability is the ability to modify actions in response to different situations. In a sporting context, the player may need to change tactics due to the actions of an opponent or weather conditions.
Fluency refers to smooth, flowing movements. If a performance is fluent, it appears effortless and is performed with rhythm and poise.

Mental Preparation Techniques for Skilled Performances

Mental rehearsal or visualisation can help enhance performance by mentally walking through the movements before physically performing them.
Self-talk can be used to boost confidence, maintain focus, and manage stress during the performance.
Goal setting provides an aim to strive for and can motivate the performer. Goals should be specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-based (SMART).
Relaxation techniques can help reduce nerves and stress, which can hinder performance. These include deep-breathing exercises and progressive muscle relaxation.

Influence of Confidence and Motivation on Performance

Confidence can enhance a performer’s belief in their abilities, thus leading to an improved performance. A confident performer is more likely to take chances, show determination and execute decisions effectively.
Motivation can be intrinsic (coming from within the performer, such as personal enjoyment) or extrinsic (external rewards, like trophies or monetary incentives). Both types are crucial to drive a performer to succeed.
Both confidence and motivation can affect the performer’s mental health and well-being, influencing their performance outcomes positively or negatively.

Impact of Reaction Time and Decision Making

Reaction time is the speed at which a performer responds to a stimulus. Faster reaction times can give an advantage in many sporting situations.
Decision making entails selecting the correct response from a number of options. Effective decision making allows the performer to adapt to changing environments and act suitably.
Both reaction time and decision-making ability can be improved with practice and training. High levels of fatigue and stress cause declines in these skills.