Movement Analysis: Planes and Axes of Movement

Movement Analysis: Planes and Axes of Movement

The Planes of Movement

• Planes of movement are imaginary lines drawn through the body to describe movement in a particular direction.
• The three planes of movement are the sagittal plane, the frontal plane, and the transverse plane.

The Sagittal Plane

• The sagittal plane divides the body into left and right halves.
• Movement in the sagittal plane happens front to back.
• Examples of sagittal plane movements include running, jumping, and sit-ups, where the body moves forward or backward.

The Frontal Plane

• The frontal plane divides the body into front and back halves.
• Movement in the frontal plane happens side to side.
• Movements such as side lunges, side raises, and star jumps occur in the frontal plane, where the body moves sideways.

The Transverse Plane

• The transverse plane divides the body into top and bottom halves.
• Movement in the transverse plane involves rotation or twist.
• Movements such as a golf swing, a turn in dance, or a discus throw occur in the transverse plane.

The Axes of Movement

• The axes of movement are points about which the body rotates.
• There are three axes of movement: the longitudinal axis, the sagittal axis, and the vertical axis.

The Longitudinal Axis

• The longitudinal axis runs from the head to feet.
• Rotation around the longitudinal axis occurs in the transverse plane.
• Movements like a twist in gymnastics or spinning on one foot fall under this type of rotation.

The Sagittal Axis

• The sagittal axis runs from front to back.
• Rotation around the sagittal axis happens in the frontal plane.
• Movements such as a cartwheel or side somersault relate to this type of rotation.

The Vertical Axis

• The vertical axis runs from side to side.
• Movement around the vertical axis occurs in the sagittal plane.
• Movements like a forward roll or a dive come under this type of rotation.

Applying Planes and Axes of Movement

• A firm understanding of the planes and axes of movement can improve the technique and execution of various physical activities.
• Incorporating a variety of these movements into training can result in a more well-rounded level of physical fitness.
• Understanding these movements can also aid in reducing the risk of injury by ensuring movements are performed correctly.