Biological Explanations of Aggression

Biological Explanations of Aggression

Genetic Factors

• Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene - research has shown a link between the variant of this gene and aggression in both men and women.
• Serotonin has a calming effect; lower levels of it are linked to impulsivity and aggression.

Neural Explanations

• Amygdala, involved in how we perceive other people’s emotions, is known to control aggression.
• Damage to the prefrontal cortex can lead to loss of control, aggression, and even potentially violent behaviour.

Biochemical Influences

• Alcohol and other drugs can decrease activity in the prefrontal cortex, impairing judgement and self-control.
• Testosterone has been linked to aggression; higher levels of it can lead to increased aggressive behaviour.

Hormonal Mechanisms

• Studies suggest that changes in hormone levels can significantly influence human aggression.
• The hormone cortisol, which is involved in the body’s stress response, has also been associated with aggressive behaviour.