Management and Managers

Management and Managers

The Role of Management

  • Managers plan, organise, lead and control the resources of an organisation.
  • They ensure that organisational goals and objectives are achieved in an efficient manner.
  • Top level managers develop long term strategies and communicate the vision and mission of the organisation.
  • Middle managers plan and coordinate the operational activities of the organization.
  • First-line managers directly manage workers and apply the organisation’s policies on a day-to-day basis, focusing on individual tasks and short-term objectives.

Types of Managers

  • Functional managers have responsibility for a single area of activity, such as finance, marketing, or production.
  • General managers are responsible for multiple areas, usually in smaller businesses where each manager must wear multiple hats.
  • Project managers are responsible for the planning, execution, and completion of specific projects with a defined beginning and end.

Skills Required by Managers

  • Technical skills: understanding and proficiency in a specific kind of activity, a technical skill involves working with tools or specific techniques.
  • Human skills: ability to work well with other people individually and in teams. They are crucial in managing teams and conveying information effectively.
  • Conceptual skills: ability to understand complex situations, evaluate options, think strategically, and make decisions. They are most important for top-level managers.
  • Decision-making skills: understanding the options in various situations, evaluating the benefits and risks of each option, making a decision, and accepting the responsibility for the outcomes.

Importance of Management to Organisations

  • Effective use of resources: Managers ensure that resources are used optimally to achieve business objectives, reducing waste and increasing productivity.
  • Achievement of objectives: Managers plan and coordinate activities to ensure organisational objectives are achieved.
  • Minimising risk: Good management helps reduce risk by making informed and rational decisions.
  • Enhancing employee performance: Sound management practices motivate employees, enhancing individual performance and productivity.
  • Adapting to change: Managers play a crucial role in leading organisations through change, helping the organisation to adapt and evolve.