The Impact of Political Changes

Political Landscape Under Henry VIII

Break from the Catholic Church: Henry VIII’s break from the Catholic Church saw England’s conversion into Protestantism, reshaping the nation’s religious orientation.
The Act of Supremacy: Proclaimed Henry VIII as the head of the Church of England, leading to the establishment of the Royal ecclesiastical court.
The Dissolution of the Monasteries: A drastic political move that transferred considerable wealth and power to the crown, simultaneously curbing the influence of the Catholic Church.
Rebellion and Unrest: The alteration in religious orientation led to major rebellions, such as the Pilgrimage of Grace in 1536.

Political Landscape Under Edward VI

Advisory Council: Edward VI was a minor when he ascended the throne. A Council of Regency was appointed to rule in his stead, which was dominated by strong figures like the Lord Protector Somerset and the Duke of Northumberland.
Treaty of Boulogne: Signed under Somerset’s rule, it concluded the costly war against Scotland and France. However, it was perceived as a humiliating peace, marking Somerset’s downfall.
Duke of Northumberland: Following Somerset, Northumberland introduced economic and administrative reforms, successfully stabilising the national economy.

Political Landscape Under Mary I

Marriage to Philip II: Mary’s marriage to Philip II of Spain was widely unpopular and led to mass public displeasure.
Restoration of Catholicism: Mary’s reign marked England’s return to the Catholic fold after the Protestant rule of her predecessors, sparking religious tension and conflict.
Executive Stability: Under Mary’s reign, despite religious turmoil, there was comparative political stability with fewer changes in the executive council.
Wyatt’s Rebellion: A major uprising driven by fear and discontent over Mary’s marriage to Philip II, showing the political instability within Mary’s rule.

Collectively, the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI, and Mary I witnessed immense political changes that stimulated conflicts, induced changes in religious orientation, and brought significant reshuffle within the ruling powers. These changes had profound implications on both the political and societal structures of Wales and England.