The Distinctive Features of Theravada Buddhism

The Distinctive Features of Theravada Buddhism

Historical Background and Development of Theravada Buddhism

• Theravada Buddhism flourished as one of the early schools of Buddhism, largely spreading across South and Southeast Asia.
• It is also known as ‘The Doctrine of the Elders’ or the ‘Old School’.

Key Teachings

• Holds the Tripitaka (Pali Canon) as the most authoritative text.
• Concentration on the teachings of the Buddha only, known as the ‘Word of the Buddha’.
• Emphasizes the importance of personal enlightenment and the ideal of becoming an Arahant (an Enlightened One).

Monastic Life in Theravada Buddhism

• Strong emphasis on monastic community (Sangha), with monks highly respected.
• Monks follow the Vinaya Pitaka strictly, which delves into monastic rules.

Theravada Meditation Practices

• Utilizes two main types of meditation: Samatha (calming meditation) and Vipassana (insight meditation).
• These practises aim at cultivating mindfulness and understanding of the Three Marks of Existence.

Role of Laity in Theravada Buddhism

• Lay Buddhists have traditionally provided the material support for the Sangha (providing food, clothing, etc.)
• Laity often aspires to attain a better rebirth rather than full Enlightenment in this life.

Theravada Buddhism Today

• Remaining a major form of Buddhism in countries like Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia.
• Globally, it is recognised through the Vipassana Movement, focusing on meditation practises.