Autobiography: Definition and Features

An autobiography is a self-written account of the life of oneself. It presents personal experiences and observations from the perspective of the person who lived them.
It is generally written in the first person as it is the person’s own experiences they are recounting. The use of ‘I’, ‘me’, ‘my’ is common.
It covers notable elements of the writer’s life, such as childhood, career, relationships, and achievements.

Structure of an Autobiography

Autobiographies often follow a chronological order, starting from early life and progressing to later points of interest. However, some may also choose to arrange it thematically or start ‘in medias res’ - in the middle of action.
The structure revolves around personally significant events, with each major phase or event getting its dedicated section.
Autobiographies make use of flashbacks, reflections, and foreshadowing to maintain a compelling narrative.

The language and tone in an autobiography are unique to the author, mirroring their personality and personal voice. This allows readers to get a feel of their character and identity.
The writer may use vivid descriptions and personal anecdotes to engage readers, making them feel like they are experiencing events along with the author.
The detail and style of writing can provide insight into the author’s thoughts, feelings, and perspectives at different stages of their life.

Autobiographies aim to provide a personal account of the writer’s life, with the purpose to inform, entertain, or inspire readers.
They offer a unique look into the personal experiences of the author, encouraging empathy and understanding amongst readers.
Reflecting on one’s life in an autobiography can offer insights into societal, historical or cultural contexts, contributing to a broader understanding of the times the author lived through.

When reading and analysing an autobiography, it’s important to consider the writer’s subjective perspective - it is, after all, their own interpretation of their life.
Consider the selection of events discussed. What the author decides to include, emphasise or omit can reveal their perspective, values or intentions.
Language analysis remains vital: consider how the author’s use of language techniques, tone, and style contribute to the portrayal of their life and the impact on the reader.