Diet-Related Illnesses

Obesity

Obesity is an excess of body fat that often results from consuming more calories than are burned through exercise and daily activities.
Children with obesity are at a greater risk for developing various health problems, such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and high blood pressure.
Prevention strategies involve encouraging a well-balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains, as well as regular physical activity.

Malnutrition

Malnutrition refers to conditions that stem from either a lack of nutrients or overconsumption, leading to harmful effects on health.
In the UK, child malnutrition often manifests as undernutrition, which can cause stunted growth, weakened immunity, and long-term developmental issues.
The key to preventing malnutrition is to provide a diverse diet that covers all major food groups and ensures the child is receiving enough vitamins and minerals.

Iron Deficiency Anaemia

This condition occurs when a child’s diet lacks enough iron, leading to fewer red blood cells, which can cause fatigue and weakness.
An iron-rich diet including lean meats, leafy green vegetables, nuts and fortified breakfast cereals is vital for prevention.
Iron deficiency anaemia can be prevented by ensuring the child’s dietary intake includes iron-rich foods.

Dental Caries (Tooth Decay)

Dental caries is another diet-related illness, often resulting from excessive consumption of sugary drinks and snacks.
This condition can cause painful tooth abscesses, infections and can negatively impact oral health for life.
Preventative measures include limiting sugar intake and promoting regular teeth brushing with a fluoride toothpaste.

Eating Disorders

Eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder often stem from unhealthy attitudes towards food and body image.
These disorders can have severe consequences, including malnutrition, slow development and other serious health problems.
Emphasising a healthy attitude towards food and body, providing reliable information about nutrition and seeking professional help when needed are key prevention strategies.

Type 2 Diabetes

This increasingly common condition in children primarily results from poor diet and lack of exercise.
High intake of sugary and fatty foods can lead to insulin resistance and eventually to the development of type 2 diabetes.
Preventing type 2 diabetes involves adhering to a healthy diet and maintaining regular physical activity.