Structure- Non-Fiction Texts

Structure in non-fiction texts refers to how information or ideas are organised and presented within a piece of writing. Understanding this can help to clarify the author’s main points and intentions.
Non-fiction texts can have many different structures. Some may be chronological (based upon time), some may be organised thematically (grouping similar ideas or topics together), and some may be argumentative (following a logical sequence of thought or debate).
Look for clear signposts in the text such as headings, subheadings, or bullets. These often serve to outline the structure and priorities of the text.
A text may begin with a broad, general introduction, then gradually narrow down to specific points or details - this is known as a funnel structure.
Another common structure is the ‘PEEL’ method: point, evidence, explanation, and link. The author makes a point, provides evidence to back it up, explains this evidence, then links it to the next point that will be made.
Examine transitions between paragraphs and sections. These also give clues to the text’s structure. Is information being added, compared, contrasted, or summarised?
Pay attention to repetitive elements in the text. If a certain idea or piece of information appears multiple times in different forms, this suggests that it plays a significant role in the text’s central argument or purpose.
Consider the final part of the text as well. Does it conclude with a summary, recommendation, call to action, or restatement of key points? The way a text ends can offer further insight into its overall structure and aim.
Practice reading non-fiction from a variety of sources, including newspaper articles, academic essays, and opinion pieces. Identifying the structure in each will improve your understanding and analysis skills.
Always ask yourself why the author has chosen a particular structure. What effect does it have on the reader? How does it support their argument or their presentation of information? Remember to back up your opinions with evidence from the text. This is key to effective analysis.