Prime Minister

Role and Powers

The Prime Minister (PM) is the head of the United Kingdom government.
The PM is appointed by the monarch, who is guided by constitutional conventions.
The PM must be a member of parliament and is usually the leader of the party that has majority in the House of Commons.
As the government’s chief executive, the PM oversees the operation of the government and the implementation of its policies.
The PM has the authority to appoint and dismiss members of the government.

Prime Minister’s Office

The 10 Downing Street is the official residence and office of the Prime Minister.
The PM’s office is supported by the Cabinet Office, which provides professional advice, administrative support and ensures the smooth running of government.

Cabinet

The PM has the power to choose ministers to serve in the Cabinet and, to a large extent, decides on the structure of the Cabinet.
The PM chairs Cabinet meetings and has the power to make decisions on policy.

Relationship with Parliament

The PM is accountable to Parliament and is required to make regular appearances in the House of Commons, especially during the Prime Minister’s Questions (PMQs).

International Role

The PM represents the country in international affairs, attends international summits and conferences, and conducts negotiations on behalf of the UK.

The role and powers of the Prime Minister have evolved over time and continue to be shaped by constitutional changes and political contexts. Central to understanding UK politics is the balance of power between the Prime Minister, Cabinet and Parliament, and how this affects decision-making and policy implementation.