Collision between two particles

Section 1: Understanding Particle Collisions

Grasp the principle of conservation of linear momentum, which states that the total momentum before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision if no external forces act.
Recognize that momentum is a vector quantity, with both magnitude (amount) and direction.

Section 2: Types of Collisions

Distinguish between elastic and inelastic collisions.
- In an elastic collision, both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.
- In an inelastic collision, only momentum is conserved; kinetic energy is not.
Understand the unique case of a completely inelastic collision, where the particles stick together and move as one after the collision.

Section 3: Coefficient of Restitution

Familiarise with the coefficient of restitution (e), a value that describes the elasticity of a collision, given as the ratio of relative speed after collision to the relative speed before collision.
Learn that ‘e’ for a perfectly elastic collision is 1, whilst ‘e’ for a perfectly inelastic collision is 0.

Section 4: Impulse and Change in Momentum

Understand impulse as the change in momentum of a particle, calculated as Force x Time.
Identify that the impulse of a force is equal to the change in momentum it causes.

Section 5: Solving Collision Problems

Learn to set up and solve simultaneous equations from the principles of conservation of momentum and the coefficient of restitution.
Practice using different projectiles, angles, and speeds to solve a variety of collision scenarios.
Grasp how to dissect and approach problems involving multiple collisions.

Section 6: Energy Considerations in Collisions

Appreciate the role of kinetic energy in collision scenarios and how it can change after a collision.
Be reminded that total energy is conserved in an isolated system, and analyse where the energy goes if it is not transformed into kinetic energy, such as into sound, heat, or material deformation.