Collision with a fixed surface

Section 1: Understanding Mechanical Collisions

Consider a mechanical collision as an interaction between two bodies where they come in contact with each other for a relatively short duration.
Understand that there are different types of collisions: elastic, partially elastic (also called inelastic), and perfectly inelastic.
Note that an elastic collision conserves both kinetic energy and momentum, whereas a partially elastic collision only conserves momentum.
Know that a perfectly inelastic collision also conserves momentum and is a special case where the two bodies stick together and move as one after the collision.

Section 2: Conservation Laws during Collisions

Be aware that the total linear momentum before a collision is equal to the total linear momentum after it.
Apply this principle to analyse and calculate various physical quantities involved in a collision.
Remember that in the case of an elastic collision, the kinetic energy is also conserved.

Section 3: Collision with a Fixed Surface

Recognise a case of a collision with a fixed surface as a special case of a collision where one body’s velocity remains constant at zero.
Observe that the colliding body will experience a change in velocity direction without a change in velocity magnitude in case of an elastic collision.
Understand that the velocity of colliding body will become zero in case of a perfectly inelastic collision.

Section 4: Coefficient of Restitution

Identify the coefficient of restitution as a property of the collision which measures the elasticity of the collision.
Learn that the coefficient of restitution, represented by e, determines the relative velocities of the colliding bodies after the collision.
Calculate the coefficient of restitution using the formula: e = (relative speed after collision) / (relative speed before collision).

Section 5: Solving Problems Involving Collisions with Fixed Surfaces

Apply conservation laws to solve problems involving collisions with fixed surfaces.
Construct a velocity-time graph for the object before and after the collision to analyse the change in velocity.
Practice problems involving collisions with fixed surfaces to become proficient in these concepts. Be prepared to calculate quantities, analyse their characteristics and interpret the results.