Structure and Functions of Main Organs in the Body

The Brain

The brain is the central command of the body’s nervous system, located in the skull.
It receives sensory information, processes it, and then issues instructions for the body.
It’s responsible for intellectual functions, including problem-solving, decision-making, and memory.

The Heart

The heart is a pump that circulates blood throughout the body.
It is divided into four chambers that contract to push blood into the arteries.
This process provides oxygen and nutrition to tissues, while also removing waste products.

The Lungs

Found in the thorax and protected by the rib cage, the lungs are organs responsible for the breath.
They are responsible for gas exchange, taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide.
Through a process called respiration, our cells use the oxygen to produce energy.

The Liver

The liver detoxifies harmful substances in the blood, regulates blood sugar levels, and produces bile for the breakdown of fats.
It plays a critical role in metabolism, including the absorption and storage of nutrients from the food we eat.
Any damage to the liver can significantly impact the body’s overall health.

The Kidneys

The kidneys filter blood to remove waste products and produce urine.
They play a key role in homeostasis, regulating the body’s water and electrolyte balance.
Kidney disorders can lead to abnormal amounts of waste in the body.

The Stomach

The stomach is a muscular sac that receives food from the oesophagus.
Through mechanical and chemical digestion, the stomach converts food into a form that can be absorbed by the body.
It secretes gastric juices that break down food and kill bacteria.

The Intestines

The intestines absorb nutrients and water from digested food.
The small intestine is responsible for absorption of most nutrients, while the large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes.

Remember, understanding the structure and function of these organs is crucial when studying disorders, as it provides the foundation for understanding how these diseases affect the body’s normal functioning.

In the context of health and social care, knowing the body’s structure and functions aids in understanding the needs of individuals, formulating care plans, and providing appropriate support.