Basic First-Aid Procedures

Basic First-Aid Procedures

Recognising an Emergency

  • Emergency recognition is vital in first aid. Understand signs of an acute medical issue.
  • Look for unusual behaviours, complaints, signs and odours to identify if a person is in need of help.

Making the Area Safe

  • Safety is a priority. Ensure the area is safe for both you and the casualty to prevent further injuries.
  • Be aware of any hazardous materials, fire, or electrical risks.

Calling Emergency Services

  • Once it’s safe, immediately call for professional medical assistance if necessary.
  • Remember the emergency number for the UK is 999.

Starting Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

  • In the case of cardiac arrest, start with CPR.
  • Begin chest compressions hard and fast in the center of the chest (approximately 100-120 compressions per minute).

Opening the Airway and Breathing

  • Open the casualty’s airway using the head-tilt/chin-lift method.
  • Check for breathing. If not breathing normally, continue with CPR.

Treating Bleeding

  • If a person is bleeding, aim to stop the bleeding as quickly as possible.
  • Apply pressure to the wound with a clean bandage.

Using an Automated External Defibrillator (AED)

  • If available, use an AED as soon as possible following the voice prompts.
  • Don’t delay or interrupt chest compressions to get and use an AED.

Keeping the Patient Comfortable

  • While waiting for medical help, keep the casualty comfortable.
  • Reassure them, keep them warm, and don’t give them anything to eat or drink unless fully conscious.

Continuing Care

  • Monitor the casualty’s condition and vital signs until additional medical help arrives.
  • Make note of any changes in breathing, consciousness, and skin appearance for the medical team.

The Recovery Position

  • If the casualty responds positively yet isn’t able to sit up, place them in the recovery position to keep the airway open and clear.
  • Kneel them on the floor on their side, ensuring their head is tilted back to maintain an open airway.
  • Remember, only provide first aid within your level of training.
  • Respect the casualty’s right to refuse treatment and maintain confidentiality wherever possible.