How Social Factors Influence Health and Wellbeing – Level 2 Health and Social Care BTEC Revision

Impact of Socioeconomic Factors

Socioeconomic status greatly influences health and wellbeing. Individuals in higher socioeconomic positions often have greater access to healthcare resources, nutritious food, high-quality education and safe neighbourhoods.
Income disparity can create health inequalities. Lower income can limit access to healthcare and healthy lifestyle options, potentially leading to poorer health.
An individual’s level of education can shape health behaviors. Higher education typically promotes better health literacy, resulting in healthier lifestyle choices.
Employment conditions also affect health. Stressful, high-demand jobs can contribute to poor mental health. On the other hand, unemployment can lead to financial insecurity which can affect both physical and mental health.

Influence of Social Support and Relationships

Social ties such as family, friendship and community relationships can significantly impact an individual’s health. These ties can provide support during difficult times, promoting resilience and emotional wellbeing.
Social isolation or lack of social support can increase susceptibility to mental health problems like depression and anxiety. It can also result in decreased physical health.
The quality of relationships is equally important. Positive, supportive relationships can enhance wellbeing. However, abusive or negative relationships can harm mental and physical health.

Effect of Lifestyle and Behaviour

The society in which an individual lives greatly influences their lifestyle and behaviour which are integral to health. Social norms can affect dietary habits, physical activity, alcohol and tobacco use, and drug abuse.
Peer pressure may encourage harmful practices such as substance misuse or discourage beneficial activities, like regular physical exercise.
Society’s perception of health and illness can shape personal health attitudes and behaviours. For instance, societal stigma around mental health can deter individuals from seeking necessary help.

Role of Environment and Living Conditions

The physical and social environment in which an individual lives can affect their health. Environmental pollution, poor sanitation and lack of clean water can lead to physical illnesses and diseases.
Unsafe neighbourhoods can lead to chronic stress, anxiety, and depression. Areas with high violence rates also present an increased risk of physical harm.
Access to essentials like nutrition and healthcare services is often determined by the geographical location. Scarcity of these resources can negatively impact health and wellbeing.
Housing conditions also impact health. Poor housing conditions can lead to various health issues, from respiratory problems due to damp and mould to mental health issues associated with overcrowding.

Influence of Culture and Ethnicity

Cultural and ethnic background plays a crucial role in shaping health beliefs and practices. This can influence preventive health behaviours and disease management approaches.
An individual’s culture can influence their diet and physical activity routines, which directly impact health.
Language barriers and cultural misunderstanding can limit access to healthcare services, leading to existing health issues being poorly managed. This can significantly worsen health outcomes.
Discrimination and racism can lead to chronic stress and adversely affect mental health. They can also create a barrier to healthcare access, negatively impacting overall health.