Theoretical perspectives of education: Postmodernist

Postmodernist Perspective on Education

Postmodernists propose a paradigm shift from the traditional, macro theories like functionalism and Marxism. They believe these theories to be redundant in a society that is now characterised by diversity and fragmentation.

Critique of Grand Theories

They argue against the ‘grand narratives’ of other sociological perspectives, suggesting that these theories are no longer relevant to the complexity of the postmodern world.
They believe these grand theories oversimplify the pluralistic, diverse societies we now live in and fail to address the rapid changes caused by technology and globalisation.

New Technologies and Globalisation

Postmodernists contend that modern education has been significantly impacted by technological advancements and globalisation.
They contend that the internet and digital technologies have brought an era of information abundance which is shifting the nature of knowledge and learning.

Uncertain Knowledge and Individual Subjects

They argue that subject knowledge in education has become unstable and uncertain. The validity of knowledge is no longer absolute and uncontested, allowing for multiple viewpoints and interpretations.
This idea of the ‘decentred subject’ posits that students are no longer moulded by the shared norms and values transmitted by education, but by a variety of differing influences.

Role of Teachers

The role of teachers has changed from traditional disseminators of knowledge to facilitators, guiding students through a maze of global information networks.
Postmodernists argue that today, anyone can produce and access knowledge online, leading to a democratisation of information.

Critiques of Postmodernist Perspective

Critics argue that the postmodernist viewpoint is too relativistic and fragmented. Oversimplifying the influence of technology, they underestimate the persisting impact of traditional structures and institutions.
They’re also critiqued for failing to address the structural inequalities in education. For instance, despite digital advancements, there’s still a notable digital divide between those with and without access to technology.
Critics also challenge the idea that knowledge has become unstable, arguing that systemic knowledge and expertise still yield power in education and the workforce.