Safety Precautions, Side Effects and Risks for Operators and Patients of Non-Ionising Radiation

Safety Precautions of Non-Ionising Radiation

Non-ionising radiation refers to electromagnetic radiation which carries insufficient energy to ionise atoms or molecules. This includes radio waves, microwaves, infrared, and visible light.
Proper Shielding should be provided when using devices emitting non-ionising radiation. This will prevent unnecessary exposure.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as eye protection should be worn when there is a risk of eye injury due to exposure, such as from intense visible and near-infrared light.
Safety guards and warning signs should be fitted on all devices using non-ionising radiation as an added safety measure.
Training and awareness on the safe use of equipment can prevent misuse or unplanned exposure.
Operators and other healthcare professionals should adhere to occupational exposure limits to minimise their risk.

Side Effects of Non-Ionising Radiation

Skin and eye burns can occur as a result of exposure to intense sources of non-ionising radiation.
Overexposure to non-ionising radiation may cause uncomfortable sensations of heat, changes in skin colour or skin injury.
With lasers in particular, the light energy can cause damage to the retina if direct exposure occurs. Consequently, all laser procedures must be approached with caution.
Some people may experience a temporary change in sensation or a tingling feeling following exposure to non-ionising radiation, but this is usually temporary and will wear off.

Risks for Operators and Patients

Operators risk exposure to non-ionising radiation during the use, maintenance or repair of equipment or during procedures.
Risk for operators is generally higher than patients due to prolonged and repeated occupational exposure.
Patients can be at risk if the procedures using non-ionising radiation are not performed correctly.
A major risk factor for both operators and patients is a lack of understanding or disregard for safety controls and procedures.
Children may be at higher risk due to their developing tissues and organs.

Understanding these safety precautions, side effects and risks associated with non-ionizing radiation can mitigate the potential harm associated with medical applications of this technology. It forms an important part of medical physics and overall safety in healthcare settings.