Variables in the Investigation

Understanding Variables

Independent variable: This is what you will change in an investigation. For example, if you’re researching the effect of light on plant growth, the amount of light would be your independent variable.
Dependent variable: This is what you’re measuring or observing to determine the outcome of the experiment. Continuing our example, the plant’s growth is the dependent variable.
Controlled variable: These are essential to maintain consistency throughout the experiment. In our plant investigation, the type of plant, the soil used, and the water given would be controlled variables.

Identifying Variables

Always note which variables could impact your results. This awareness allows scientists to control variables correctly and ensure the experiment tests what it’s meant to.
It’s crucial to only have one independent variable. Multiple independent variables can confuse results and make it unclear what caused observed changes.
The dependent variable must be something measurable. This can be qualitative (descriptive) or quantitative (numerical) measurements.

Controlling Variables

Maintaining the same controlled variables is essential. This ensures that any changes seen in the dependent variable were solely due to the independent variable.
If it’s impossible to control a variable, this variable should be monitored and recorded. This allows Its impact on the results to be considered when interpreting data.

Applying Variables to Hypotheses

When developing a hypothesis, your variable should be clearly identified. The hypothesis should state how you believe the independent variable will affect the dependent variable.
Correctly identifying and controlling your variables enhances the validity of your investigation. This ensures you are conducting a fair test, increasing the reliability of your results.