Violence and Conflict

Violence and Conflict

Section: Hindu Teachings on Violence

  • Hinduism is generally viewed as a non-violent religion, emphasising teachings such as Ahimsa (non-violence), which is an integral part of the dharma (righteousness).
  • Leading Hindu texts, like the Bhagavad Gita, stress that violence can only be justified when used for the purpose of upholding dharma, as demonstrated by the warrior Arjuna who reluctantly fights in the Kurukshetra war.
  • The doctrine of Karma - the belief that one’s actions in this life will directly affect their next life - could deter individuals from violent actions.

Section: Hinduism and War

  • War and combat are often represented in the Hindu texts, most notably in the Mahabharata where the Kurukshetra war forms the backdrop for the teachings of the Bhagavad Gita.
  • Justified war, or Dharmayuddha (righteous war), is accepted in Hindu scripture when it is in defence of righteousness and morality, and after all peaceful methods have been exhausted.
  • Despite these texts’, and many Hindu deities’ warrior-like aspects, they are not intended to inspire followers to act violently but to symbolically fight internal battles and spiritual ignorance.

Section: Conflict Resolution in Hindu Philosophy

  • In resolution of conflict, Hinduism promotes dialogue, reconciliation, and the principle of Satyagraha (insistence on truth) as taught by Mahatma Gandhi.
  • The principles of forgiveness and tolerance are emphasised in Hindu teachings, as they help maintain harmony within society.

Section: Contemporary Understanding of Violence and Conflict

  • Modern Hindu scholars and leaders often interpret the philosophy of Hinduism as endorsing peaceful activism and nonviolent resistance in face of injustice.
  • Despite the promotion of peace and nonviolence, there is a reality of religious conflict in parts of the world, and the challenge for Hindu communities is to reconcile this with core teachings.
  • Discussions around violence and conflict in contemporary Hinduism are influenced by a range of factors, including politics and societal environments.