Muslim understandings of equality

Basic Principles of Muslim Equality

In Islam, it is a fundamental belief that all humans are equal before God, as noted in the Qur’an (49:13).
This verse emphasises that the only distinguishing factor among individuals should be their piety and good actions. This shows that Islam eliminates all forms of social hierarchy based on race, colour, language or nationality.
Equality in Islam is not merely about equal rights, but it also attempts to promote equity. This means removing any forms of social or economic hindrances and ensuring an equitable start for everyone.

The five daily prayers (Salah) in Islam, where all Muslims pray together side by side, not differentiating between the rich and the poor, reiterates the principle of equality.
All Muslims, regardless of their social standing, perform the annual pilgrimage (Hajj) together, wearing similar clothing and observing the same rituals.
The system of obligatory charity (Zakat), one of the Five Pillars of Islam, can also be seen as a tool to promote economic equality in society.

In Islamic jurisprudence (Sharia), everyone, regardless of status, race or gender, is accountable for their action and is subject to the same legal obligations.
Islam places great importance on justice (‘Adl and Qist), and executing justice without any discrimination is a religious obligation as mentioned both in the Qur’an and Hadiths.

Islam promotes gender equality both in terms of spiritual and moral values. Both genders are equal in the sight of God regarding their religious duties, rewards and punishments.
Concerning social roles, Islam acknowledges the different strengths and roles of men and women and encourages participation of both in societal progression.
The Prophet Muhammad encouraged the education and active participation of women in community affairs.

Islam instructs Muslims to uphold justice and fairness when dealing with non-Muslims.
The Qur’an affirms the respect and protection of non-Muslim’s rights in a Muslim society (Dhimmi).
Non-Muslims living in a Muslim society enjoy freedom of faith and have the right to practice their religious obligations.

It’s important to note that interpretations of these principles may vary based on cultural context, personal beliefs and societal factors.