Structure of the Eye

Cornea

The cornea is the transparent front surface of the eye, which acts like a window, allowing light to enter.
It performs the initial bending of light (refraction) into the eye.

Sclera

The sclera forms the sturdy white outer covering of the eyeball.
Responsible for protecting the eye from injury and providing attachment points for the extrinsic muscles that move the eye.

Conjunctiva

The conjunctiva is a thin layer covering the front of the eye and inner surfaces of the eyelid.
It helps to lubricate the eye by producing mucus and tears, and prevents microbes and dust from entering the eye.

Iris

The iris is the coloured part of the eye situated behind the cornea. It contains muscles that control the size of the pupil.
Adjusts the size of the pupil to control the amount of light that can enter the eye.

Pupil

The pupil is the dark opening in the middle of the iris.
Allows light to proceed from the cornea to the lens.

Lens

The lens is a curved, clear part situated behind the iris and pupil.
Changes its shape for precise focusing of light onto the retina.

Retina

The retina is a thin light-sensitive tissue lining the inside back wall of the eye.
Consists of photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) that convert light into electrical signals.

Optic Nerve

The optic nerve transmits visual information in the form of electrical signals from the retina to the brain.
Loss or damage to the optic nerve can lead to vision loss.

Remember to understand not only the structure of the eye but also the function of each part. The eye is a complex organ, and every component plays a crucial role in processing light and producing visual images. Knowing this can also aid to understand several eye malfunctions and diseases.