Organisations
Public Health Organisations:
Public Health England:
- Formed in April 2013 to simplify arrangements for public health.
- Main aim is to protect and improve the nation’s health and to address inequalities.
- Provides information to enable professionals to make decisions about local needs.
NHS (National Health Service):
- Provides the majority of healthcare in England.
- It is publicly funded and services are provided free at the point of use.
- Promotes healthy living through initiatives such as “Change4Life”.
Health and Safety Executive (HSE):
- National watchdog for work-related health, safety and disease.
- Provides regulations and inspections to ensure employers provide safe workplaces.
- Enforces penalties when regulations are not adhered to.
Public Health Stakeholders:
Local Authorities:
- Responsible for the health and wellbeing of their local population.
- Commission local health and social care services.
- Work in partnership with other organisations to tackle health issues.
Health and Social Care Professionals:
- Key roles include doctors, nurses, physiotherapists and occupational therapists.
- Contribute to public health by providing individual care and advice.
- Play a role in preventative health and early interventions.
Charities and Voluntary Organisations:
- Often focus on specific diseases or health concerns.
- Provide resources, research funding and patient support.
- Examples include Cancer Research UK and Heart UK.
Public Health Legislation:
Health and Social Care Act 2012:
- Marked the biggest reorganisation of the NHS since its creation in 1948.
- Aimed to give more power to clinicians and patients, reduce bureaucracy, and save money.
- Public health functions were transferred from the NHS to local authorities.
Public Health (Control of Disease) Act 1984:
- Provides powers regarding infectious diseases.
- Covers notification and confinement of certain diseases.
- Updated by the Health Protection (Notification) Regulations 2010.
Health and Safety at Work Act 1974:
- Primary legislation covering occupational health and safety in the UK.
- Employers have duties to ensure health, safety, and welfare at work.
Public Health Strategies:
The Marmot Review:
- Strategic review of health inequalities in England post-2010.
- Created six policy objectives to create a healthier society.
NHS Long Term Plan:
- Creates a new service model for the 21st century including a greater focus on prevention.
- Has a significant focus on health technology innovations.