Nutrients

Nutrients are substances that are essential for energy, growth, and bodily functions.
These can be grouped into macronutrients (required in large amounts) and micronutrients (required in smaller amounts).

Macronutrients

The three main types of macronutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Carbohydrates are the body’s main energy source, broken down into glucose which fuels physical and mental activities.
Proteins are vital for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues. They are composed of amino acids.
Fats are an energy dense nutrient, essential for hormone production, nutrient absorption, and body insulation.

Micronutrients

Micronutrients include vitamins and minerals that are crucial for optimal body functioning and disease prevention.
Notable vitamins include Vitamin A (vision, immune function), B vitamins (energy production), Vitamin C (antioxidant, immune booster), Vitamin D (bone health), and Vitamin E (cell protection).
Essential minerals include calcium (bone health), iron (blood health), potassium (nerve function), zinc (immune function), and Iodine (thyroid health).

Water

Water is not usually classified as a macronutrient or micronutrient, but it is vital for survival. It aids digestion, absorption of nutrients, regulation of body temperature, and cellular function.

Balanced Diet

A balanced diet includes the right proportions of these nutrients to maintain health and prevent diseases. Individual needs may vary based on factors like age, gender, health status, and physical activity levels.
Consuming too much or too little of certain nutrients can lead to health issues. For instance, excess saturated fats can increase cholesterol levels, while inadequate protein intake can impair growth and repair.

Remember, understanding the role of these nutrients in health and wellbeing is crucial when preparing meals, providing dietary advice, or creating diet plans in a health and social care setting.