The Crucible: style

Overview

“The Crucible” is a drama written by Arthur Miller, based on the Salem Witch Trials that occurred in the Massachusetts Bay Colony during 1692/93.
Its genre could be classified as historical fiction and social drama, due to the focus on the complex social dynamics of the community and the efforts to maintain societal order within Salem’s theocratic society.

Notably, Miller chose to write the play in a traditional theatrical style, making use of a linear narrative where events unfold chronologically.
However, he incorporates elements of allegory within the narrative, relating the hysteria and fear of the witch trials to the anti-Communist paranoia that swept America during the 1950s.
The language of the play echoes the formal, religious-centred English of the time, which lends an air of authenticity to the work. However, Miller freely admits he did not adhere strictly to the syntax of the period in order to maintain accessibility for modern audiences.

Stage directions, often detailed and prescriptive, provide a clear vision of Miller’s intentions for characters’ actions, emotional states, and interactions, which significantly contribute to your understanding and interpretation of the play.
The use of dramatic irony and the manipulation of tension are key techniques used by Miller throughout the play. Suspense is skillfully built up and released at key moments, engaging the audience and compelling them to consider the morality and motivations of the characters.
Consider the use of off-stage action in the narrative. Many important events occur away from the audience’s view and are then reported by characters on stage. This technique creates anticipation and adds depth to the unfolding drama.

Despite the historical setting, the play represents timeless themes like guilt, truth, redemption, and the battle between good and evil, thereby maintaining its relevance and resonance even today.
One should note the absence of a protagonist who fits the traditional noble qualities of a tragic hero. This, along with the organic development of drama out of the relationships among the villagers, contributes to the overall realistic feel of the play.