Motivation in the Workplace

Motivation refers to the reasons behind individuals’ actions. Understanding what motivates employees helps enhance productivity and morale.
Intrinsic motivation comes from the enjoyment and satisfaction derived from the task itself.
Extrinsic motivation is driven by external rewards such as money, praise, or promotions.
Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs states that humans have five levels of needs: physiological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization. Employees require these needs to be met in order to perform optimally.
Frederick Herzberg’s Two-Factor theory suggests two sets of factors influence motivation at work: hygiene factors (salary, job security) that can de-motivate if not met, and motivators (achievement, recognition) that can boost motivation if addressed.
Equity theory posits that employees compare their job inputs and outcomes with those of others and then respond to eliminate any inequities.
Goal Setting theory argues that goals that are specific, challenging, and include feedback lead to higher performance.
Managers can increase motivation through clear communication of expectations, recognition of achievements, providing feedback, and creating a supportive work environment.