The Biochemistry Systems
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The biochemistry systems support the functioning of all physiological systems in required for human life. These systems include the digestive system, respiratory system, circulatory system, nervous system and endocrine system.
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Each system is interrelated and cross-functional. For instance, the respiratory system delivers oxygen to the circulatory system, while the digestive system breaks down food into nutrients that can be transported by the circulatory system.
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Enzymes are key players in biochemistry; they act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in the body, facilitating essential physiological processes such as metabolism and homeostasis.
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The digestive system utilises enzymes such as pepsin and amylase to break down proteins into amino acids and carbohydrates into simple sugars respectively. These simple molecules are then small enough to be absorbed through the small intestine into the bloodstream.
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The metabolic system carries out multiple biochemical processes including catabolism (breaking down organic matter, for energy) and anabolism (building up of new cells and tissue).
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Respiratory system involves biochemical processes such as gaseous exchange where oxygen is diffused into bloodstream in lungs and carbon dioxide is exhaled.
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The nervous system’s neurotransmitters, like serotonin and dopamine, are produced through biochemical reactions.
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The endocrine system regulates biochemical processes in the body through the production and secretion of hormones.
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Homeostasis, the body’s balancing system, is largely controlled by biochemistry. Negative feedback systems correct imbalances to return bodily systems to their normal states.
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The biochemistry of the immune system involves the production of antibodies, lymphocytes, and other defenders of the body through complex biochemical pathways.
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A clear understanding of the biochemistry systems aids in exploration and understanding of various disease processes, medications and treatments in healthcare settings.