Procedures for Samples

Understanding of different types of samples: Blood, urine, sputum, tissue, and other bodily fluids are commonly used in healthcare testing. Knowing when to use each sample and what they can detect is vital for a healthcare professional.
Correct handling and storage methods: Every sample has specific requirements to preserve its integrity. Improper storage can lead to contamination or degradation, affecting the test results.
Principles of informed consent: Before collecting any samples, the patient must be informed about why it’s necessary and what the procedure will involve. They must give their consent before proceeding.
Importance of accurate labelling: Each specimen must be carefully and accurately labelled to prevent mix-ups or errors in the laboratory
Concepts of aseptic technique: Aseptic technique is necessary when handling samples to prevent contamination from microorganisms. This includes hand hygiene, cleaning the area where the sample will be taken, and using sterile equipment.
Collection procedures: Depending on the type of sample collected, different procedures will be followed. For instance, blood samples often require a venipuncture, while urine samples are usually given by the patient in a sterilised container.
Use of appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Depending on the risk of infection or exposure to certain substances, different types of PPE - gloves, gowns, and safety glasses, for example - might be required when collecting and processing samples.
Transportation of specimens: Once collected, specimens will need to be transported to the lab for analysis. Require understanding on how to properly pack and transport these samples to maintain their integrity.
Understanding the basic principles of sample analysis: Depending on the sample and the required test, different tools and equipment will be used for analysis. Some common tools include microscopes, centrifuges, and automated analyzers.
Quality control checks: To ensure the accuracy of test results, quality control checks should be performed. This may involve comparing results against a known standard or checking the performance of equipment.
Confidentiality and privacy: Information from health tests is extremely private, so health professionals must follow strict guidelines about who may access these details, and when and how this information can be shared.
Disposal techniques: Used equipment and samples need to be disposed of in the correct manner as per the health institution’s protocol and national waste management rules.