Contribution of Psychological Perspectives to the Treatment of Behaviours

Psychological perspectives contribute invaluable insights to the treatment of behaviours. These treatments are a significant part of health and social care interventions.

Behaviourist Approach:

This perspective relies on the concept of learnt behaviours via conditioning, which suggests people learn undesirable behaviours and can unlearn them.
Operant conditioning, with positive and negative reinforcements, can be utilised to encourage or discourage specific behaviours.
Classical conditioning has been used to treat phobias and anxiety disorders - systematic desensitisation and exposure therapy are examples.

Cognitive Approach:

This approach focuses on altering a person’s thoughts to change their behaviour and emotions.
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a widely accepted method for treating a variety of mental health conditions like depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
This technique works on the principle that negative thoughts trigger negative behaviours and feelings; by changing these thoughts, behaviours can be improved.

Psychodynamic Approach:

This perspective stresses the influence of the unconscious mind and early childhood experiences on behaviours.
Psychoanalytic therapy, a method stemming from this approach, can be helpful to those dealing with personal conflicts and emotional struggles.
It aims to reveal unconscious content of a client’s psyche in an effort to alleviate psychic tension and provide insight into their behaviour.

Humanistic Approach:

This perspective places emphasis on personal growth and self-fulfilment as a way to promote behavioural changes.
Counselling techniques from this approach, such as person-centred therapy, can help individuals achieve their full potential.
Therapy offers empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuine-ness to facilitate self-understanding and change.

Biological Approach:

This perspective cites genetic, biochemical imbalances, brain structure, and the role of hormones as contributors to behaviour.
Treatments from this perspective include medication to correct imbalances, surgical procedures, diet or lifestyle changes, and physical exercise.
Psychopharmacology, involving the use of medication to manage behavioural problems, mood disorders, or psychotic disorders, is commonly practised.

Sociocultural Approach:

This perspective views behaviour as being influenced by societal and cultural norms.
Interventions may include community-led initiatives, group therapy, or social skills training.
Support from social networks, awareness campaigns, and educational programmes can also have a positive impact on treating behaviours.

Applying these perspectives allows for a holistic and comprehensive approach in treating behaviours in health and social care settings. Thus, understanding these perspectives and their contributions is crucial for effective practise.