Types of Cell Collection for Analysis

Various kinds of biological samples may be used for laboratory testing in biomedical science. These include blood, urine, swabs, sputum, tissue biopsy, and cerebrospinal fluid. Each is collected differently and has a unique role in diagnosis.
Blood Samples: Two methods are typically used - venipuncture, which involves drawing blood from a vein, often from your arm, or fingerprick, in which a small lancet is used to make a tiny cut in the tip of the finger to obtain a drop of blood.
Urine Samples: These are often collected for routine tests, pregnancy tests, drug screenings and to detect diseases. The sample must be clean and sterile to prevent contamination. The midstream clean catch method is commonly used, in which the individual passes some urine before collecting a sample in a sterile cup.
Swabs: Swabbing is a simple technique of collecting a sample from various body sites. It may be used for throat swabs, nasal swabs, wound swabs, or vaginal swabs to test for various conditions, including infections.
Sputum Samples: Sputum is a type of mucus produced in the lungs and in the airways leading to the lungs. A sample of sputum can be collected by a spontaneous cough or induced cough, or via endotracheal aspiration for patients on ventilators.
Tissue Biopsy: A biopsy involves the collection of a small piece of tissue from various areas of the body for examination. The nature of biopsy varies with the location of the tissue - for example, a skin biopsy is different from a liver or lung biopsy.
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF): CSF is fluid found in the brain and spinal cord. Collection of CSF is a delicate procedure known as a lumbar puncture or spinal tap.
Remember that sample collection must always be done with the patient’s consent, using sanitary techniques to prevent contamination, and handled carefully to ensure accurate testing.
Special instructions may also be given to the individual providing the sample, such as fasting for certain types of blood tests, avoiding certain foods or medications, or using specific collection kits.
The collected samples will then be transported to the laboratory for analysis, adhering to specific storage and transportation instructions to maintain sample integrity.
Lastly, carry out all procedures with the highest respect for patient privacy and dignity. Respectful and professional interaction is an integral part of biomedical science.