Types and signs of illness

Types of Illness

Infections and Viral Illnesses

Common illnesses among sports performers such as the common cold or flu can affect their performance and recovery. These often present with symptoms like fatigue, sore throat, cough, and fever.
Gastrointestinal illnesses include conditions like food poisoning or viral infections that impact the stomach and intestines. Symptoms can include vomiting, diarrhoea, and abdominal pain.

Chronic Conditions

Conditions such as asthma can lead to shortness of breath, wheezing, and coughing during physical activity if not well managed.
Diabetes can impact a sports performer’s energy levels and need for careful monitoring of blood sugar levels before, during and after physical activities.

Iron Deficiency and Anaemia

These conditions can impact athletes’ performance due to lack of oxygen being transported to cells within the body. Signs can include general fatigue, paleness, shortness of breath, and rapid heart rate.

Nutritional Deficiencies

Lack of proper nutrition can lead to deficiencies such as inadequate calcium or vitamin D, leading to conditions like osteoporosis or rickets. This can impact the strength of bones and risk of fractures.

Signs of Illness

Red flags

Unreasonable fatigue or weakness, especially when out of proportion to levels or intensity of training.
Any persistent or severe pains, especially if affecting joints or bones.
Sudden weight loss, loss of appetite, frequent vomiting or diarrhoea could indicate an underlying illness or condition.

Delayed Recovery

Taking longer than usual to recover after a workout can be a sign of illness. This isn’t just being sore or tired the day after, but is a persistent and recurrent lack of energy.

Mental Symptoms

Changes to mood, such as depression, agitation or anger, can sometimes be symptoms of some types of physical illness.
Effects on sleep, irritability, or lack of concentration could also indicate an underlying health issue.

Other Physical Signs

Persistent cough, particularly if accompanied by phlegm or if affecting sleep or performance.
Fever, which can manifest as hot flashes, chills, or generally feeling unwell.

Remember, when in doubt, it is always good to seek medical advice. Many illnesses can be managed well if detected early, thereby minimising their impact on a sports performer’s training and performance.