Set Work: Appalachian Spring (Martha Graham, 1944)

Appalachian Spring (1944) is a ballet choreographed by Martha Graham, pioneers of contemporary dance, notable for her ground-breaking Graham technique.
The dance is performed by eight dancers and tells the story of early American pioneers. It showcases themes of survival, societal roles, and the pioneer spirit.
The music was composed by Aaron Copland and the set was designed by Isamu Noguchi, marking a close collaboration between the three creatives to evoke a particular mood and setting.
In terms of structure, Appalachian Spring is divided into 14 sections. The dance begins with an introduction and then follows a sequence of solos, duets, trios and ensemble dances.
The choreographic intent behind Appalachian Spring is to depict the lives and values of American pioneers - their hope, their strength, their religious faith and their determination to build a new life in an new land.
Martha Graham’s choreographic style is evident throughout the ballet. Movements are often angular and grounded, derived from the Graham technique.
Emotions and narrative are conveyed through not just through the dance movements, but also through facial expressions and gestures of the performers.
Graham’s use of space is also significant. Movements may extend outwards to express feelings of joy or aspiration, or may be contracted and inward-turning to express uncertainty or fear.
The role of the dancers is noteworthy. Each character portrays a distinct societal role - the husbandman, the wife, the preacher, the pioneer woman and the neighbours.
The dance costume is inspired by the era of the pioneers. Modest dresses for the women and simple shirts and trousers for men. These are all in muted, earthy tones to reflect the rural setting.
The set, designed by Isamu Noguchi, is abstract however it perfectly symbolises the simplicity and practicality of the pioneers’ life. The most notable piece is the wooden frame structure which represents the new home being built.
The choreography and the music are interdependent, making a perfect marriage between movement and sound.
The ending of the performance is hopeful, signifying the beginning of a new chapter in the lives of the characters.
Evaluating the performance in terms of its themes, movement style, choreographic approach and musical collaboration can facilitate a deeper understanding and appreciation.