Mycenae Lookout: Structure & Language Techniques

Mycenae Lookout: Structure & Language Techniques

Mycenae Lookout: Structure

  • Stanzaic arrangement: This poem is broken down into three distinct sections. The first and third sections consist of five stanzas, and the second section is much longer, containing twelve. This structure reflects the progression of the poem, from the initial observation to the sinking reality and then towards the poet’s ruminations.

  • Use of free verse: Heaney adopts a consistent use of free verse throughout the poem, allowing for varied line lengths and unrestricted rhythms. This provides a sense of conversational narration, mirroring the poet’s thought process.

  • Juxtaposition: The two perspectives, that of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, are laid out in a way that they juxtapose each other, underlining the contrast between their characterizations and experiences.

Mycenae Lookout: Language Techniques

  • Powerful Imagery: Heaney is renowned for his vivid and striking imagery which is demonstrated in ‘Mycenae Lookout’. He uses imagery to create a fully realized setting for his narrative - for instance, consider the graphic description of Agamemnon’s death and the “sticky mastheads of our sacrifice” that Clytemnestra brings before the gods.

  • Symbolism: Symbolism is prevalent throughout the poem, such as the ‘Water Carrier’, symbolising Clytemnestra’s role as a woman in Greek society. It’s also a counterpart to the ‘wine-dark sea’ reference, emulating Homer’s original text.

  • Allusion: Heaney skilfully weaves allusions to the ancient Greek play, ‘Agamemnon’ by Aeschylus. These allusions provide intricate layers of meaning to the poem, and intensify the sense of cultural and historical depth.

  • Simile: Heaney uses similes such as “in the baths like flagstones under meshing shadows” to create vivid and evocative images, aiding in the projection of emotion and situation.

  • Use of colloquial language: Despite the poem being deeply steeped in Greek mythology, Heaney uses contemporary language and even injects Irish colloquialism. This makes the legendary characters relatable and the complex narrative easy to comprehend.