Amadeus: social context

Historical Setting

“Amadeus” is set in Vienna in the latter half of the 18th century.
This was a time when Austria was a major European power and Vienna was considered its cultural centre, particularly for music.
The social class system was very rigid. Musicians like Mozart and Salieri largely depended on royal patronage for their survival.

Aristocracy and Patronage

The class structure was such that the talented, regardless of origin, could enter the service of the nobility as court composers or musicians, as seen with both Mozart and Salieri.
However, the lives and careers of these musicians were subject to the whims and tastes of their aristocratic patrons.

Perception of Music and Musicians

In the 18th century, musicians were often treated more as servants than esteemed artists. Mozart’s struggle for recognition and respect reflects this attitude.
As court composer, much of their work was to compose music for various court events and ceremonies, rather than for public performances. Hence the music was tailored to the tastes of the rulers, not the general public.

Role and Image of God

In the play, Salieri’s perception of God reflects the theistic character of the society. God is seen as a benevolent figure who bestows gifts and talents.
Salieri’s torment arises from his perceived betrayal by God, granting the gift of music to Mozart, whom he deems unworthy.
This sentiment reflects societal norms which were deep-rooted in faith and divine determinism.

Enlightenment Era

The play occurs during the Enlightenment, a period marked by major shifts in philosophical thoughts and values.
The Enlightenment emphasis on reason and individualism rather than tradition is reflected in Mozart’s character, who pushes against societal constraints and exhibits a rebellious nature.
Mozart’s demise could also be seen as a critique of the time’s merciless meritocracy where survival depended solely on one’s talent.

“Amadeus” critically highlights the limitations placed on artists by a rigid class system and the culture of royal patronage.
Mozart’s genius is not fully appreciated because his behaviour does not fit the aristocratic decorum.

Challenge to Societal Norms

The play poses the moral question: can genius and vulgarity coexist in one person, challenging the societal norm that they cannot.
Mozart’s character confronts the audience’s prejudices about the correlation between moral worth and talent.

Personal Sacrifice and Ambition

The narrative of “Amadeus” brings to the surface the issues of personal sacrifice, ambition, and the lengths an individual might go to achieve success in a competitive society.
Salieri’s actions underline a human propensity towards betrayal, manipulation, and selfishness when faced with perceived injustice.