Antigone: sub-text

Sub-Textual Readings of Antigone

Understanding Sub-Text

Sub-text refers to the underlying and implicit meanings within the dialogue on the surface.
It’s a dramatic device, through which characters express their hidden thoughts, motivations, fears, or desires.
Identifying the sub-text can provide valuable insights into character development, relationships, conflicts, and themes.

In the Character of Antigone

Although Antigone is adamant about burying her brother, the sub-text suggests that she might also be driven by a desire to rebel against the state’s authority.
Antigone’s speeches also reveal an attraction to death. As seen in her willingness to die for her beliefs, suggesting personal desperation or exhaustion.
Her dialogue with Ismene reveals their complicated relationship. The resentment Antigone holds towards Ismene (for not helping in her plan) is evident in their interaction.

In the Character of Creon

Creon’s harsh punishment for Antigone could be interpreted as an attempt to establish his authority. The sub-text might suggest an insecurity about his newly gained power and the need to affirm it.
His recurring references to ‘law and order’ might suggest fear of anarchy and the potential instability of his rule.
In interactions with Haemon and Antigone, Creon’s dialogue can be indicative of his unwillingness to appear weak or be questioned. His stubbornness to change his decree might have more to do with his pride than his belief in the law.

In the Character of Ismene

Ismene, while appearing compliant, subtly shows underlying resentment and anger directed at the societal expectations of women and also at Antigone for her recklessness.
Ismene’s dialogue in her interactions with Antigone shows hints of a deep-seated inferiority complex and her fear of persecution.

Theme of Power and Rebellion

The underlying tensions in the dialogue serve to bring out the power dynamics and conflicts between the state (embodied by Creon) and individuals (represented by Antigone) who interact in a realm punctuated by respect for divine laws and familial ties.

Theme of Death

The dialogue in the play subtly reveals a constant presence and anticipation of death, which in turn creates an atmosphere of inevitability and tragedy.

Remember, interpretation of sub-text can vary greatly and depends on a range of elements including linguistic features, non-verbal cues, and performance choices such as staging and directing. What’s absolutely crucial is to ultimately support your interpretation with the text’s evidence.