Othello: social context

Othello: social context

Elizabethan Society and Hierarchies

• Othello is set in a predominantly patriarchal society, reflecting the hierarchies and gender norms present in Elizabethan England.
• Power dynamics in the Elizabethan era significantly inform the interpersonal relationships and character arcs in the play, particularly the roles and expectations of women.
• Women are seen as possessions and commodities in this society, a critical element shown through Desdemona’s storyline.
• In the play, authority and social status largely derives from military prowess, mirroring the contemporary importance of national defence in the Elizabethan era.

Venice vs Cyprus

• The two distinct settings in Othello, Venice and Cyprus, present contrasting social environments.
• Venice represents the centre of civilisation, order, and law, while Cyprus is depicted as remote and unstable, reflecting the inherent vulnerabilities of colonial outposts.
• The shift in scenes underscores changes in characters’ behaviour and dynamics, pertinent to understanding the plot development.

Racial Prejudice

• The racial prejudice Othello faces, as a Moor in a predominantly white society, drives much of the conflict and tension in the play.
• Perceived as an outsider because of his skin colour, Othello’s social and marital status continually come under scrutiny.
• Iago manipulates these societal prejudices to sow discord and doubt, a central plot device in the tragedy.

War and Military Influence

• The context of war permeates Othello - it influences power dynamics, personal relationships, and the atmosphere of instability and threat.
• The military hierarchy is emphasized, with many of the play’s characters either being soldiers or having links to the military.
• This context also contributes to the play’s exploration of themes such as courage, honour, and loyalty.

Religion

• The prevalent religious beliefs of the Elizabethan era greatly influence the characters’ actions and the storyline in Othello.
• Iago frequently invokes religious imagery and concepts to justify his deeds and manipulate others.
• Religion also shapes societal view on marriage and fidelity, themes elaborated upon in the play, particularly in Desdemona’s storyline.

Maritime Power

• As a maritime power, Venice’s dominance is highlighted, reflecting the naval strength of England during Shakespeare’s own time.
• This maritime context presents themes of exploration, colonialism, and national pride, which are subtly reflected in the characters’ aspirations and actions.